D-Dimer Test

D-Dimer Test

Introduction The D-dimer test is a rapid and widely used diagnostic tool primarily for its high negative predictive value, meaning a normal D-dimer level can effectively rule out acute thrombotic events like deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE) in...
Lymphopenia or Low Lymphocytes

Lymphopenia or Low Lymphocytes

Key Takeaways Lymphopenia is defined as abnormally low lymphocytes in the blood (e.g., <1.0 x 109/L in adults). Lymphocytes ▾: Crucial immune cells (T cells, B cells, NK cells) providing specific defense against pathogens and abnormal cells. Causes ▾:...
Monocytosis (High Monocytes)

Monocytosis (High Monocytes)

Key Takeaways Monocytosis or high monocytes is an increased absolute monocyte count in peripheral blood, typically > 0.8−1.0 x 109/L. It’s a non-specific indicator of an underlying condition, not a disease itself. Causes ▾: Broadly categorized...
Lymphocytosis (High Lymphocytes)

Lymphocytosis (High Lymphocytes)

Key Takeaways Lymphocytosis or High lymphocytes is an elevated absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) in the peripheral blood, typically above 4.0 x 109/L in adults. Lymphocyte Types ▾: Lymphocytes (B cells, T cells, NK cells) are crucial immune cells involved in...
Causes of Menorrhagia

Causes of Menorrhagia

Key Takeaways Menorrhagia is excessive/prolonged menstrual bleeding, significantly impacting life and often signaling underlying issues. Causes ▾: Primarily due to gynecological issues (fibroids, polyps) or, crucially from a hematology view, bleeding disorders...
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