by MH Team | Mar 31, 2025 | Red Blood Cells
Key Takeaways Paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria is a rare autoimmune hemolytic anemia caused by the Donath-Landsteiner (DL) antibody. Pathophysiology ▾: DL antibody (IgG) binds to red blood cells (RBCs) in cold temperatures. Upon warming, complement activation...
by MH Team | Mar 28, 2025 | Red Blood Cells
Key Takeaways Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) is a rare, acquired clonal hematopoietic stem cell disorder characterized by complement-mediated hemolysis. Pathophysiology ▾: PIGA gene mutation leading to deficiency of GPI-anchored proteins (CD55,...
by MH Team | Mar 26, 2025 | Red Blood Cells
Key Takeaways Warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia (wAIHA) involves the immune system attacking red blood cells, primarily at body temperature. Pathophysiology ▾: Caused by autoantibodies (IgG) targeting red blood cells leading to premature red blood cell...
by MH Team | Mar 24, 2025 | Red Blood Cells
Key Takeaways Cold Agglutinin Disease (CAD) is a form of autoimmune hemolytic anemia caused by IgM autoantibodies that agglutinate red blood cells at cold temperatures, leading to complement-mediated hemolysis. Causes ▾: It can be primary (idiopathic) or...
by MH Team | Mar 21, 2025 | White Blood Cells
Key Takeaways Neutrophilia (high neutrophils) is an elevated neutrophil count, crucial for infection defense. Absolute neutrophilia on the other hand is a condition characterized by an abnormally high number of neutrophils indicating a heightened immune response or...
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