Evans Syndrome

Evans Syndrome

Key Takeaways Evans syndrome is. a rare autoimmune disorder with sequential or simultaneous autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) and immune thrombocytopenia (ITP), sometimes with autoimmune neutropenia (AIN). Pathophysiology ▾: Immune dysregulation leads to...
Wilson’s Disease

Wilson’s Disease

Key Takeaways Wilson’s disease is a rare genetic disorder causing toxic copper accumulation in the liver, brain, and other organs. Pathophysiology ▾: Defective ATP7B gene impairs copper excretion into bile and incorporation into ceruloplasmin, leading to...
Leukopenia (Low White Cell Count)

Leukopenia (Low White Cell Count)

Key Takeaways Leukopenia is defined as a decrease in total white blood cells (leukocytes) below the normal range, increasing infection susceptibility. Normal Count: Typically 4,000-11,000 cells/µL; leukopenia is generally <4,000 cells/µL. Classification...
Thrombocytosis (High Platelet Count)

Thrombocytosis (High Platelet Count)

Key Takeaways Thrombocytosis or high platelet count is defined as elevated platelet count above the normal range (typically >450,000/μL). Reactive Thrombocytosis ▾: More common, caused by underlying conditions like infection, inflammation, iron...
Lymphadenopathy

Lymphadenopathy

Key Takeaways Lymphadenopathy refers to the swelling or enlargement of lymph nodes, which are part of the lymphatic system, a crucial component of the immune system. Causes of Lymphadenopathy ▾: The causes are diverse, with infections being the most common,...
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