Abnormal Red Blood Cell Morphology

Abnormal Red Blood Cell Morphology

Key Takeaways Red blood cell morphology describes the size, shape, and color of red blood cells on a peripheral blood smear, and any deviation from the normal biconcave disc serves as a clinical clue to an underlying disease. Common abnormal red blood cell...
Leukocytosis

Leukocytosis

Key Takeaways Leukocytosis is an increase in white blood cell (WBC) count above the reference range. Significance ▾: Not a disease itself, but a marker of underlying infection, inflammation, or blood cancers. Causes ▾: Infections: Bacteria, viruses,...
Drug-Induced Immune Hemolytic Anemia

Drug-Induced Immune Hemolytic Anemia

Key Takeaways Drug-induced immune hemolytic anemia are caused by drugs that trigger an immune response to attack red blood cells (RBCs), leading to hemolytic anemia. Mechanism ▾: Drug-Induced Immune Hemolytic Anemia occurs when a drug triggers an immune...
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA)

Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA)

Key Takeaways Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA) is a condition where the body’s immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys its own red blood cells, leading to anemia. This destruction process is known as hemolysis. Types ▾: Warm AIHA Cold Agglutinin...
Hemolytic Anemia

Hemolytic Anemia

Key Takeaways Hemolytic anemia is a blood disorder where red blood cells (RBCs) are destroyed faster than they can be replaced. Types ▾: Hereditary: Caused by genetic mutations affecting RBC structure, function, or enzyme production (e.g., sickle cell disease,...
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