Iron Deficiency Anemia (IDA)

Iron Deficiency Anemia (IDA)

Key Takeaways Iron deficiency anemia is the most common nutritional deficiency worldwide. It develops when the body lacks the iron necessary to produce adequate hemoglobin, causing red blood cells to become smaller, paler, and less capable of carrying oxygen to...
Beta-Thalassemia

Beta-Thalassemia

Key Takeaways Beta-thalassemia is an inherited disorder caused by mutations in the HBB gene that reduce or stop production of the beta-globin chain of hemoglobin. The resulting imbalance between alpha and beta chains drives ineffective red cell production, ongoing red...
Hereditary Spherocytosis

Hereditary Spherocytosis

Key Takeaways Hereditary spherocytosis is the most common inherited red blood cell membrane disorder, caused by faulty proteins that anchor the membrane skeleton. The most frequent cause is ankyrin deficiency, not spectrin deficiency as older sources suggest. Signs...
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