Transfusion Reactions

Transfusion Reactions

TL;DR A transfusion reaction is defined as any adverse event or unintended response in a patient that is associated with the administration of whole blood or one of its components. Reaction TypePrimary CausePathophysiology/MechanismClassic SymptomsInitial Management /...
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia or ALL

Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia or ALL

TL;DR Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) is a rapidly progressing malignancy of immature lymphoid cells (lymphoblasts) in the bone marrow. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is primarily classified by WHO as B-ALL (∼80% of cases) or T-ALL (∼15−20%). Pathophysiology ▾:...
Transfusion-Related Acute Lung Injury or TRALI

Transfusion-Related Acute Lung Injury or TRALI

TL;DR Transfusion-related acute lung injury or TRALI is an acute, life-threatening syndrome of non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema occurring during or shortly after blood transfusion. It must occur within 6 hours of completing the transfusion (typically within 1–2 hours)....
Delayed Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction

Delayed Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction

TL;DR A Delayed Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction (DHTR) is an immune-mediated adverse event that occurs as a consequence of a blood transfusion. Its defining characteristic is the delayed onset, with signs and symptoms typically appearing 3 to 30 days post-transfusion....