Sideroblastic Anemia

Sideroblastic Anemia

TL;DR Sideroblastic anemia is a type of anemia characterized by abnormal iron metabolism within red blood cell precursors. Refractory anemia is defined by the presence of many pathological ring sideroblasts in the bone marrow. Causes ▾ Inherited: Mutations in genes...
Differential Diagnosis of Macrocytic Anemias

Differential Diagnosis of Macrocytic Anemias

Introduction Macrocytic anemia is a specific type of anemia that combines two conditions: macrocytosis and anemia. Macrocytosis refers to a condition where red blood cells are larger than normal. It’s itself not a disease, but rather an abnormality detected in a...
Anemia of Chronic Disease (ACD)

Anemia of Chronic Disease (ACD)

TL;DR Anemia of chronic disease (ACD) is a type of anemia that develops as a consequence of chronic inflammatory conditions in the body. Causes ▾ Chronic infections Autoimmune diseases Other chronic inflammatory conditions e.g. chronic kidney disease Sarcoidosis...
Abnormal White Blood Cell Morphology

Abnormal White Blood Cell Morphology

Introduction This article provides an overview of key findings in abnormal white blood cell morphology observed during a peripheral blood smear analysis. Understanding these abnormal white blood cell morphological changes can aid in diagnosing various underlying...