Aplastic Anemia (AA): A Bone Marrow Failure

Aplastic Anemia (AA): A Bone Marrow Failure

TL;DR Aplastic anemia (AA) causes pancytopenia (reduction of all blood cell types: RBCs, WBCs and platelets) due to aplasia (failure) of the bone marrow to function (to produce blood cells).  Causes of aplastic anemia (AA) ▾ Congenital e.g. Fanconi anemia,...
Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP)

Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP)

TL;DR Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) is a type of thrombocytopenia due to deficiency of ADAMTS13 metalloprotease which leads to formation of platelet thrombi in microvessels.  Signs and symptoms (pentad) ▾ Thrombocytopenia Microangiopathic hemolysis...
T-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (T-cell ALL)

T-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (T-cell ALL)

TL;DR T-ALL, or T-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia, is a type of blood cancer that affects T cells, a type of white blood cell. It is characterized by the uncontrolled growth and proliferation of immature T cells, leading to the replacement of healthy blood cells in...
B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (B-ALL)

B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (B-ALL)

TL;DR B-ALL, or B-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia, is a type of blood cancer that affects B cells, a type of white blood cell. It is characterized by the uncontrolled growth and proliferation of immature B cells, leading to the replacement of healthy blood cells in...