EoE: Chronic esophageal inflammation. Dysphagia, food impaction. Diagnosis: endoscopy, biopsies. Treatment: diet, meds, dilation.
White Blood Cells
AL Amyloidosis (Primary Amyloidosis)
AL amyloidosis occurs when misfolded light-chain proteins deposit in organs. Prompt treatment improves outcomes.
Sjögren’s Syndrome
Sjögren’s syndrome: An autoimmune disease causing dry eyes, mouth. Systemic effects is possible. Early diagnosis & management are key.
Lymphocytosis (High Lymphocytes)
Lymphocytosis: High lymphocyte count. It can be a harmless immune response or signal serious conditions like leukemia.
Leukopenia (Low White Cell Count)
Leukopenia: Low white blood cell count, weakening immunity. Learn about causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and management of this condition.
Leukemoid Reaction
Leukemoid reaction is a benign, reactive process with elevated LAP & no Philadelphia chromosome, unlike malignant CML.
T-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia or T-Cell ALL
T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is a subtype of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), caused by uncontrolled growth of immature T cells.
B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (B-cell ALL)
B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) is a fast-growing cancer of the immature B cells in the bone marrow.
Periodic Acid Schiff Stain (PAS Staining)
PAS stain is a histochemical technique that utilizes periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) reagent to detect and visualize carbohydrate-rich structures in cells and tissues, such as glycogen, glycoproteins, and mucins.
Multiple Myeloma
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a blood cancer that affects plasma cells. Plasma cells produce antibodies that help fight infection. In MM, plasma cells become abnormal and grow uncontrollably. This can lead to bone pain, anemia, and other complications.
Myeloperoxidase Reaction (MPO) Stain
A stain mainly used to differentiate AML from ALL and gives a bluish to brownish tinge in cells with lysosomal enzyme.
May-Grünwald Giemsa (MGG) Stain
May-Grünwald Giemsa (MGG) stain is an intense Romanovsky stain to help with the visualisation of bone marrow smears.