Macrophages are essential immune cells that engulf and digest foreign particles, playing a crucial role in inflammation and tissue repair. They are found throughout the body and are involved in various diseases, including infections and cancer.
White Blood Cells
Basophils
Basophils are white blood cells that play a crucial role in allergic reactions and inflammation. They release histamine and other mediators, contributing to symptoms like sneezing, runny nose, and hives. Elevated basophil counts can be associated with certain conditions, such as asthma and chronic myeloid leukemia.
Eosinophils
Eosinophils are white blood cells that play a crucial role in the immune system. They are involved in fighting parasites, allergic reactions, and tissue repair. Elevated eosinophil counts can be a sign of various conditions, including parasitic infections and allergic diseases.
Waldenström Macroglobulinemia
Waldenström Macroglobulinemia (WM): Rare lymphoma, excess IgM. Causes fatigue, neuropathy, & hyperviscosity. Early diagnosis & tailored treatment are key.
Dendritic Cells
Dendritic cells (DCs) process antigens & present them to T cells, triggering immune responses.
Eosinophilic Esophagitis (EoE)
EoE: Chronic esophageal inflammation. Dysphagia, food impaction. Diagnosis: endoscopy, biopsies. Treatment: diet, meds, dilation.
B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (B-ALL)
B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) is a fast-growing cancer of the immature B cells in the bone marrow.
Periodic Acid Schiff (PAS) stain
PAS stain is a histochemical technique that utilizes periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) reagent to detect and visualize carbohydrate-rich structures in cells and tissues, such as glycogen, glycoproteins, and mucins.
Multiple Myeloma
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a blood cancer that affects plasma cells. Plasma cells produce antibodies that help fight infection. In MM, plasma cells become abnormal and grow uncontrollably. This can lead to bone pain, anemia, and other complications.
Myeloperoxidase Reaction (MPO) Stain
A stain mainly used to differentiate AML from ALL and gives a bluish to brownish tinge in cells with lysosomal enzyme.
May Grunwald Giemsa (MGG) Staining
MGG stain is an intense Romanovsky stain to help with the visualisation of bone marrow smears.
Hodgkin Lymphoma & Reed-Sternberg
Hodgkin lymphoma is a type of cancer that affects the lymphatic system, and is characterized by the presence of large, abnormal lymphocytes called Reed-Sternberg cells.