Red Blood Cells

Acute Intermittent Porphyria – AIP

Acute Intermittent Porphyria (AIP): The “Great Imitator” with no skin signs but high stakes. A guide to neurovisceral crises, the 5 Ps, and urinary PBG screening.

Microangiopathic Hemolytic Anemia (MAHA)

Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia (MAHA) is a syndrome where red cells are sheared in small vessels, causing anemia and low platelets. Key feature: schistocytes.

Pancytopenia

Pancytopenia is a condition where a person has a low count of all three types of blood cells: red, white, and platelets.

Severe Malarial Anemia

Malaria, a mosquito-borne illness, can cause severe anemia (low red blood cells) leading to weakness & fatigue. While most malaria cases are mild, severe anemia requires prompt medical attention.

Iron Deficiency Anemia (IDA)

Iron Deficiency Anemia (IDA)

Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is a common blood disorder caused by a lack of iron. Iron is essential for the production of hemoglobin, a protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen. IDA causes symptoms such as fatigue, pale skin, and shortness of breath.

Beta-Thalassemia

Beta-Thalassemia

Beta thalassemia is a blood disorder caused by a mutation in the gene that produces beta globin, a protein that helps red blood cells carry oxygen. People with beta thalassemia may have mild to severe anemia, and may need blood transfusions and other treatments.

Hereditary Spherocytosis

Hereditary Spherocytosis

Hereditary spherocytosis (HS) is a blood disorder that causes red blood cells to be sphere-shaped and less flexible. This makes them more likely to break down, leading to anemia.

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